Reflections add depth to photos by creating layers in your composition. Whether shooting in puddles, lakes, or studios, reflective surfaces turn flat images into dimensional works. Learn how to use water, mirrors, and wet surfaces to create compelling photographs.
Reflection photography uses reflective surfaces to capture mirrored images of subjects and scenes. From bodies of water to mirrors, reflection photos show distinctive takes on subjects.
Any reflective surface works. Water, mirrors, glass panels, polished floors, and acrylic sheets all create reflections. Studios offer the most control since you can position mirrors and glass exactly where you need them.
itssnataliem photographed by @somlit2.0 at Loft 1 Los Angeles
French Baroque-style photo studio Loft 1 in Los Angeles. This downtown LA studio fills with natural light. French furniture, chaise longues, a studded bed, and multiple mirrors create dimensional reflections. RGB LED panels and light stands are included. Mix elegant Baroque style with modern mirror techniques.
You can’t move puddles or windows, so move yourself to find the right angles.
“With any reflection, you’ll want to mess around with height,” says photographer Tyler Grobmeier. “You may have to get low to the ground if you want to get more of the subject reflected. If there’s a puddle on the street, crouch down to the level of the street.”
Adjust your composition as you move. Try objects in the foreground, center subjects in the reflection, or use the rule of thirds. Don’t be afraid to squat inches from a storm drain for a breathtaking shot.
Wind disrupts reflections. Calm winds in early morning or at dusk make these times ideal for mirror images of mountains, trees, and landscapes.
Midday glare ruins reflections. “The number one thing you want to avoid with reflective photography is glare,” Grobmeier explains. Golden hour around sunrise and sundown provides diffused light without glare.
After rainstorms, streets fill with puddles, they’re perfect for urban shots. Scout sheltered locations with hills or trees to block wind.
Black seamless paper works well with water spray techniques. Fill a spray bottle and mist backgrounds while your subject poses.
Falling water catches light, creating bokeh and depth. Experiment with spray patterns. Shoot as the last droplets fall for natural results.
For larger setups, use shallow water on waterproof flooring or plastic sheeting. Place subjects on or near wet surfaces. Use lighting to emphasize reflections beneath their feet.
Singer @deathbyromy photographed by @daniel.rubinshtein at Yukon 4
Large production photo studio Yukon 4 in Los Angeles. This 1,860 sq ft studio features a 6×6 ft Neon Cube, a Vintage RV Camper, wall projector and 16 ft high ceilings. Car access with gated parking makes large productions easy. The studio includes a makeup and changing room. Perfect for controlled lighting with reflective surfaces.
Mirrors offer the cleanest reflections. Position them at angles to capture subjects from unexpected perspectives. Large floor mirrors create the illusion that subjects float in space.
Glass panels work differently than mirrors. They create partial reflections while showing what’s behind them. This layering effect adds depth that mirrors alone can’t achieve.
When shooting with mirrors or glass, watch for yourself in the frame. Change your shooting angle or use longer focal lengths to stay out of the reflection. Sometimes moving just a few inches solves the problem.
Avoid using flash directly on mirrors or glass, it creates harsh glare. Position lights at 45-degree angles to the reflective surface instead.
Ballerina @mairead_moore photographed by @jamesdiaz_photography at Metro 2
Photo studio with mirror walls Metro 2 in New York. This Brooklyn studio features mirror walls on both sides and a fully controllable RGB ceiling. Ground-level drive-in access lets cars roll right in. The mirrors create infinite reflection effects ideal for automotive and fashion photography.
Position the horizon centrally to balance scene and reflection. Perfect symmetry isn’t required, breaking it sometimes creates more interest.
Include foreground, middle ground, and background elements for depth. Add the shore of a lake, puddle edges, or nearby objects. These layers guide viewers through your image.
Model @ninja.crystal photographed by @esnelldesign at Metro 2
“Think outside the box in terms of adding realism,” Grobmeier suggests. “You can disrupt the surface by throwing a rock into the water. It breaks the image real quick, but you still have the reflection.”
Put a leaf in a puddle. Create waves with your feet. Moving water offers creative opportunities, and fast shutter speeds freeze sharp patterns, slow speeds create dreamlike effects.
Reflective surfaces reflect everything, including you. Choose angles carefully with mirrors or still water. Moving inches can eliminate your reflection.
Scan your frame for unwanted elements before shooting. Remove distractions to focus on subject and reflection.
Use a shutter speed of at least 1/250 to freeze surface movement from breeze. Pair with aperture between f/8 and f/16 for maximum depth of field.
Keep ISO as low as possible while maintaining proper shutter speeds. Higher ISOs add noise that degrades image quality in darker reflection areas.
Long exposures create different effects. Slow shutter speeds turn choppy water into silky surfaces, producing abstract patterns instead of clear mirrors.
Neutral density filters reduce bright light. They let you shoot reflections when the sun sits higher in the sky.
Circular polarizers reduce glare from water. Use them carefully, removing all glare may eliminate the reflection itself.
Cameras underexpose reflected areas. Use adjustment layers or graduated filters to brighten reflections without blowing out highlights.
Increase vibrance, contrast, and sharpness, but keep results natural. Over-processing makes reflections appear artificial.
Correct horizon tilt immediately. Even small tilts ruin reflection photos since symmetry depends on perfect horizontal alignment.
Photograph puddles after rainstorms or experiment with mirrors. Move to complex setups with controlled lighting and specialized surfaces as you develop skills.
Practice is key. Each session teaches you how reflections work and how to use them effectively.
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